Abstract
In today's world, a new form of organization that is known as learning organization is being developed to maintain competitive advantage in quick confrontation of challenges. In these organizations, emphasis will be placed on processes such as team building, learning, strategies to meet future challenges, reduction of middle management levels, and application of learning processes such as Benchmarking and experimentation. The present study is an attempt to construct and validate a scale to measure the characteristics of learning organization. To this end, first a comprehensive review of literature was performed to identify the variables of each section and design the conceptual framework of the research. After designing the framework and collecting the required data through a questionnaire, the impact of each learning organization characteristic, including human resource characteristics, leadership characteristics, mission / strategy characteristics, organizational culture characteristics, organizational learning and organizational design characteristics, on learning organization assessment was investigated. The statistical population of this research consisted of 89 managers and directors of Iranian Aluminum Company. Data analysis was performed through partial least squares method by means of the Smart PLS software. The findings of this study indicate that all characteristics extracted from previous research and articles could also be recognized and accepted as characteristics of learning organizations at IRALCO. Finally, according to the results, a scale and predictive model was introduced as a bench mark for measuring the characteristics of learning organization at IRALCO.

Keywords
learning organization, leadership, organizational culture, strategy, human resources characteristics

Cite this paper
Hamid Reza Qasemi, Developing and validating a scale for measuring the characteristics of learning organization , SCIREA Journal of Management. Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2019 | PP. 18-39.

References

[ 1 ]	Islambolchi, A (1388), Measuring and analyzing the level of organizational learning in universities and institutes of higher education and providing solutions for its promotion at Imam Sadiq University, Master's thesis, Imam Sadiq University.
[ 2 ]	Aqdasi, M., Khakhzarbefroyi, M. (1387), Measuring the Level of Organizational Learning potentials in Hospitals, International Journal of Industrial Engineering and production Management, Volume 28, No. 4
[ 3 ]	Davari, A., Razadzadeh, A. (1386), Theories of Organization and Management from Modernity to Post-modernity, Volume I, Second Edition, Tehran, Duran Publishing.
[ 4 ]	Zarei Matin, H. (2292), Identification of Learning Capacity characteristics and measurement procedures in Companies, Journal of Qom higher education Complex, Year 4, No.13
[ 5 ]	Senge, P. (1990), the Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, translated by Mohammad Roshan, Tehran, Industrial Management Organization
[ 6 ]	Senge, P. (1993), Fifth Discipline: Action, Strategies and Tools for Creating a Learning Organization, Translated by Mehdi Khademi Grashi, Masoud Soltani And Abbasali Rastegar, Tehran, Asia Publishing.
[ 7 ]	Farhang, A., Siyadat, SA, Hoveyda, R., Molavi, H., A study of the simple and multiple relationship between organizational learning and social trust in the organization with promotion of employees in the State Medical and Non-medical Universities of the South East Iran, journal of Applied Sociology, Year 22, Serial No. 02, Spring 1390, pp. 159-182
[ 8 ]	Ghorbaninzadeh, V. (1388), construction and Validation of a scale for Measuring the characteristics of Learning Organizations, journal of Management Research in Iran, Volume 22, NO. 3
[ 9 ]	Ghorbani Zadeh, M., Mashbaki, A. (1384), Designing a Model for Determining the Level of Learning in Organizations, Automobile Part manufacturing Companies, Quarterly Journal of human Sciences, Vol. 20, No.4
[ 10 ]	Chiva, R.,Joaquin, A.,Rafael,L.(2007), Measuring organizational learning capability among the workforce, International Journal of Manpower, Vol.28, Iss: 3/4, pp. 224-242.
[ 11 ]	Crossan, C.,Vera.D.(2004), Strategic leadership and organizational learning, Academy of Management Review, Vol.29,pp.222-240.
[ 12 ]	Denison, D.,Neale,W.(2000),Denison organizational culture survey: facilator guide, published by Denison consulting, LLC, Ann Arbor,MI:Aviat
[ 13 ]	Dever.J.(1997),Reconciling educational leadership and the learning organization, Community College Review,Vol.25,No.2.
[ 14 ]	Fiol,C.M.,Lyles,M.A.(1985), Organizational Learning, Academic Management Review, Vol.10, No,4, pp.803-813.
[ 15 ]	Garvin,D.(1993),Building Learning Organisation, Harvard Business Review, No. 71.
[ 16 ]	Garvin,D., Edmondson,A.C., Gino.F.(2008), Is yours a learning organization? ,Harward Business Review.
[ 17 ]	Goh,S.,Richards,G.(1997), Benchmarking the learning capacity of organisations, European Management Journal, Vol.15, No.5,pp. 575-583.
[ 18 ]	Gorelock.C.(2005),Viewpoint Organisational Learning VS the learning organization: a conversation with a practitioner, Pace university, New York, USA, Vol.12, No.4,pp. 383-388.
[ 19 ]	Ghephart,M.A.,Marsick, V.J.(1996), Learning organisations come alive, Training & Development, Vol.50,No.12, pp.35-45.
[ 20 ]	James.C.R.(2003), Desining learning Organizations, Organisational Dynamics, Vol.23, No.1, pp.46-61.
[ 21 ]	Jyothibabu.C.,Farooq. A.,Bhusan. P.(2010), An integrated scale for measuring an organizational learning system, The Learning Organisation, Vol.17,No.4,pp.430-439.
[ 22 ]	Macmillan Crossan,C., Vera.D.(2004), Strategic Leadership and Organizational Learning, Academy of Management Riview, Vol.29, pp. 222-240.
[ 23 ]	Neefe,D.O.(2001), Academic quality improvement project: comparing levels of organizational learning maturity of colleges and universities, American Psychological Association Publication.
[ 24 ]	Ortenblad.A.(2002), A typology of the idea of learning organizations, Management Learning, Vol.33, No.2,pp. 213-230.
[ 25 ]	Paziuk.B.(2009), Building a learning organisation at national defense:evolving the learning and career center network.
[ 26 ]	Yang.Y.,Secchi.D.,Homberg.F.(2018), Are organisational defensive routines harmful to the relationship between personality and organisational learning?,Journal Of Business Research, Vol.85, pp.155-164.